new documentation template #nolog

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Miguel Grinberg
2025-12-21 00:04:48 +00:00
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Production Deployments
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
The ``Microdot`` class creates its own simple web server. This is enough for an
application deployed with MicroPython, but when using CPython it may be useful
to use a separate, battle-tested web server. To address this need, Microdot
provides extensions that implement the ASGI and WSGI protocols.
Using an ASGI Web Server
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.. list-table::
:align: left
* - Compatibility
- | CPython only
* - Required Microdot source files
- | `asgi.py <https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/tree/main/src/microdot/asgi.py>`_
* - Required external dependencies
- | An ASGI web server, such as `Uvicorn <https://www.uvicorn.org/>`_.
* - Examples
- | `hello_asgi.py <https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/blob/main/examples/hello/hello_asgi.py>`_
| `hello_asgi.py (uTemplate) <https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/blob/main/examples/templates/utemplate/hello_asgi.py>`_
| `hello_asgi.py (Jinja) <https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/blob/main/examples/templates/jinja/hello_asgi.py>`_
| `echo_asgi.py (WebSocket) <https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/blob/main/examples/websocket/echo_asgi.py>`_
The ``asgi`` module provides an extended ``Microdot`` class that
implements the ASGI protocol and can be used with a compliant ASGI server such
as `Uvicorn <https://www.uvicorn.org/>`_.
To use an ASGI web server, the application must import the
:class:`Microdot <microdot.asgi.Microdot>` class from the ``asgi`` module::
from microdot.asgi import Microdot
app = Microdot()
@app.route('/')
async def index(req):
return 'Hello, World!'
The ``app`` application instance created from this class can be used as the
ASGI callable with any complaint ASGI web server. If the above example
application was stored in a file called *test.py*, then the following command
runs the web application using the Uvicorn web server::
uvicorn test:app
When using the ASGI support, the ``scope`` dictionary provided by the web
server is available to request handlers as ``request.asgi_scope``.
The application instance can be initialized with ``lifespan_startup`` and
``lifespan_shutdown`` arguments, which are invoked when the web server sends
the ASGI lifespan signals with the ASGI scope as only argument::
async def startup(scope):
pass
async def shutdown(scope):
pass
app = Microdot(lifespan_startup=startup, lifespan_shutdown=shutdown)
Using a WSGI Web Server
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
.. list-table::
:align: left
* - Compatibility
- | CPython only
* - Required Microdot source files
- | `wsgi.py <https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/tree/main/src/microdot/wsgi.py>`_
* - Required external dependencies
- | A WSGI web server, such as `Gunicorn <https://gunicorn.org/>`_.
* - Examples
- | `hello_wsgi.py <https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/blob/main/examples/hello/hello_wsgi.py>`_
| `hello_wsgi.py (uTemplate) <https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/blob/main/examples/templates/utemplate/hello_wsgi.py>`_
| `hello_wsgi.py (Jinja) <https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/blob/main/examples/templates/jinja/hello_wsgi.py>`_
| `echo_wsgi.py (WebSocket) <https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/blob/main/examples/websocket/echo_wsgi.py>`_
The ``wsgi`` module provides an extended ``Microdot`` class that implements the
WSGI protocol and can be used with a compliant WSGI web server such as
`Gunicorn <https://gunicorn.org/>`_ or
`uWSGI <https://uwsgi-docs.readthedocs.io/en/latest/>`_.
To use a WSGI web server, the application must import the
:class:`Microdot <microdot.wsgi.Microdot>` class from the ``wsgi`` module::
from microdot.wsgi import Microdot
app = Microdot()
@app.route('/')
def index(req):
return 'Hello, World!'
The ``app`` application instance created from this class can be used as a WSGI
callbable with any complaint WSGI web server. If the above application
was stored in a file called *test.py*, then the following command runs the
web application using the Gunicorn web server::
gunicorn test:app
When using the WSGI support, the ``environ`` dictionary provided by the web
server is available to request handlers as ``request.environ``.
.. note::
In spite of WSGI being a synchronous protocol, the Microdot application
internally runs under an asyncio event loop. For that reason, the
recommendation to prefer ``async def`` handlers over ``def`` still applies
under WSGI. Consult the :ref:`Concurrency` section for a discussion of how
the two types of functions are handled by Microdot.