Release 2.4.0

Bumps [h2](https://github.com/python-hyper/h2) from 4.1.0 to 4.3.0.
- [Changelog](https://github.com/python-hyper/h2/blob/master/CHANGELOG.rst)
- [Commits](https://github.com/python-hyper/h2/compare/v4.1.0...v4.3.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: h2
  dependency-version: 4.3.0
  dependency-type: indirect
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>

.github/workflows/tests.yml

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, macos-latest, windows-latest]
-        python: ['3.8', '3.9', '3.10', '3.11', '3.12']
+        python: ['3.8', '3.9', '3.10', '3.11', '3.12', '3.13', '3.14']
       fail-fast: false
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.os }}
     steps:

CHANGES.md

@@ -1,5 +1,26 @@
 # Microdot change log
 
+**Release 2.4.0** - 2025-11-08
+
+- SSE: Add support for the retry command and keepalive comments ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/d0808efa6b32e00992596f1bb3d4c3a372df2168))
+- Ignore `expires` and `max_age` arguments if passed to `Response.delete_cookie` [#323](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/issues/323) ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/d61785b2e8d18438e5031de9c49e61642e5cfb3f))
+- Ignore "muted" errors during request creation ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/ce9de6e37a6323664eb7666b817932f371f1e099))
+- Add package version to `microdot/__init__.py` file [#312](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/issues/312) ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/38f5a27b33c7968fc7414b67742e034e2b9a09ca))
+
+**Release 2.3.5** - 2025-10-18
+
+- Always encode ASGI response bodies to bytes ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/f70c524fb0bdc8c5fef2223c82f5e339445bc5fa))
+- Remove unused instance variable in `Microdot` class ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/27fc03f10047e4483f8d19559025d728b14a27c8))
+
+**Release 2.3.4** - 2025-10-16
+
+- Prevent reading past EOF in multipart parser [#309](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/issues/309) ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/6045390cef8735cbbc9f5f7eee7a3912f00e284d))
+- Generate a valid CORS response when the request is badly formatted [#305](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/issues/305) ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/cca0b0f693c909134bc19eb41dfb5a86226e032b))
+- Faster HTTP streaming when using ASGI [#318](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/issues/318) ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/7addcf4bb51f1caf57663c5bb4d8cc16ee6391e1))
+- Parse empty cookies [#308](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/issues/308) ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/c12d4658091ff7eec1ac67c83bcd51eb38af9db7))
+- Add weather dashboard example [#303](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/issues/303) ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/7071358b1f95892b1342226b43411e036be67d3a))
+- Add Python 3.13 and 3.14 to the CI builds ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/e9c9937b41e652876241307307f3e855f4f07379))
+
 **Release 2.3.3** - 2025-07-01
 
 - Handle partial reads in WebSocket class [#294](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/issues/294) ([commit](https://github.com/miguelgrinberg/microdot/commit/9bc3dced6c1f582dde0496961d25170b448ad8d7))

examples/benchmark/requirements.txt

@@ -39,15 +39,15 @@ h11==0.16.0
     #   hypercorn
     #   uvicorn
     #   wsproto
-h2==4.1.0
+h2==4.3.0
     # via hypercorn
-hpack==4.0.0
+hpack==4.1.0
     # via h2
 humanize==4.9.0
     # via -r requirements.in
 hypercorn==0.15.0
     # via quart
-hyperframe==6.0.1
+hyperframe==6.1.0
     # via h2
 idna==3.7
     # via

examples/gpio/weather/README.md

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+# Microdot Weather Dashboard
+
+This example reports the temperature and humidity, both as a web application
+and as a JSON API.
+
+![Weather Dashboard Screenshot](screenshot.png)
+
+## Requirements
+
+- A microcontroller that supports MicroPython (e.g. ESP8266, ESP32, Raspberry
+  Pi Pico W, etc.)
+- A DHT22 temperature and humidity sensor
+- A breadboard and some jumper wires to create the circuit
+
+## Circuit
+
+Install the microconller and the DHT22 sensor on different parts of the
+breadboard. Make the following connections with jumper wires:
+
+- from a microcontroller power pin (3.3V or 5V) to the left pin of the DHT22
+  sensor. 
+- from a microcontroller `GND` pin to the right pin of the DHT22 sensor.
+- from any available microcontroller GPIO pin to the middle pin of the DHT22
+  sensor. If the DHT22 sensor has 4 pins instead of 3, use the one on the left,
+  next to the pin receiving power.
+
+The following diagram shows a possible wiring for this circuit using an ESP8266
+microcontroller and the 4-pin variant of the DHT22. In this diagram the data
+pin of the DHT22 sensor is connected to pin `D2` of the ESP8266, which is
+assigned to GPIO #4. Note that the location of the pins in the microcontroller
+board will vary depending on which microcontroller you use.
+
+![Circuit diagram](circuit.png)
+
+## Installation
+
+Edit *config.py* as follows:
+
+- Set the `DHT22_PIN` variable to the GPIO pin number connected to the sensor's
+  data pin. Make sure you consult the documentation for your microcontroller to
+  learn what number you should use for your chosen GPIO pin. In the example
+  diagram above, the value should be 4.
+- Enter your Wi-Fi SSID name and password in this file.
+
+Install MicroPython on your microcontroller board following instructions on the
+MicroPython website. Then use a tool such as
+[rshell](https://github.com/dhylands/rshell) to upload the following files to
+the board:
+
+- *main.py*
+- *config.py*
+- *index.html*
+- *microdot.py*
+
+You can find *microdot.py* in the *src/microdot* directory of this repository.
+
+If you are using a low end microcontroller such as the ESP8266, it is quite
+possible that the *microdot.py* file will fail to compile due to the
+MicroPython compiler needing more RAM than available in the device. In that
+case, you can install the `mpy-cross` Python package in your computer (same
+version as your MicroPython firmware) and precompile this file. The precompiled
+file will have the name *microdot.mpy*. Upload this file and remove
+*microdot.py* from the device.
+
+When the device is restarted after the files were uploaded, it will connect to
+Wi-Fi and then start a web server on port 8000. One way to find out which IP
+address was assigned to your device is to check your Wi-Fi's router
+administration panel. Another option is to connect to the MicroPython REPL with
+`rshell` or any other tool that you like, and then press Ctrl-D at the
+MicroPython prompt to soft boot the device. The IP address is printed to the
+terminal on startup.
+
+You should not upload other *.py* files that exist in this directory to your
+device. These files are used when running with emulated hardware.
+
+## Trying out the application
+
+Once the device is running the server, you can connect to it using a web
+browser. For example, if your device's Wi-Fi connection was assigned the IP
+address 192.168.0.145, type *http://192.168.0.45:8000/* in your browser's
+address bar. Note it is *http://* and not *https://*. This example does not use
+the TLS/SSL protocol.
+
+To test the JSON API, you can use `curl` or your favorite HTTP client. The API
+endpoint uses the */api* path, with the same URL as the main website. Here is
+an example using `curl`:
+
+```bash
+$ curl http://192.168.0.145:8000/api
+{"temperature": 21.6, "humidity": 58.9, "time": 1752444652}
+```
+
+The `temperature` value is given in degrees Celsius. The `humidity` value is
+given as a percentage. The `time` value is a UNIX timestamp.
+
+## Running in Emulation mode
+
+You can run this application on your computer, directly from this directory.
+When used in this way, the DHT22 hardware is emulated, and the temperature and
+humidity values are randomly generated.
+
+The only dependency that is needed for this application to run in emulation
+mode is `microdot`, so make sure that is installed, or else add a copy of the
+*microdot.py* from the *src/microdot* directory in this folder.

examples/gpio/weather/config.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+DHT22_PIN = 4  # GPIO pin for DHT22 sensor
+WIFI_ESSID = 'your_wifi_ssid'
+WIFI_PASSWORD = 'your_wifi_password'

examples/gpio/weather/dht.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+"""
+DO NOT UPLOAD THIS FILE TO YOUR MICROPYTHON DEVICE
+
+This module emulates MicroPython's DHT22 driver. It can be used when running
+on a system without the DHT22 hardware.
+
+The temperature and humidity values that are returned are random values.
+"""
+
+from random import random
+
+
+class DHT22:
+    def __init__(self, pin):
+        self.pin = pin
+
+    def measure(self):
+        pass
+
+    def temperature(self):
+        """Return a random temperature between 10 and 30 degrees Celsius."""
+        return random() * 20 + 10
+
+    def humidity(self):
+        """Return a random humidity between 30 and 70 percent."""
+        return random() * 40 + 30

examples/gpio/weather/index.html

@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+<!doctype html>
+<html>
+  <head>
+    <title>Microdot Weather Dashboard</title>
+    <meta charset="utf-8">
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1">
+    <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/gauge.js/1.3.9/gauge.min.js" integrity="sha512-/gkYCBz4KVyJb3Shz6Z1kKu9Za5EdInNezzsm2O/DPvAYhCeIOounTzi7yuIF526z3rNZfIDxcx+rJAD07p8aA==" crossorigin="anonymous" referrerpolicy="no-referrer"></script>
+    <style>
+      html, body {
+        height: 95%;
+        font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
+      }
+      #container {
+        position: relative;
+        top: 50%;
+        left: 50%;
+        transform: translate(-50%, -50%);
+      }
+      h1 {
+        font-size: 1.5em;
+      }
+      h1, p {
+        text-align: center;
+      }
+      table {
+        margin-left: auto;
+        margin-right: auto;
+      }
+      table h1 {
+        margin-top: 0;
+      }
+      table p {
+        margin: 0;
+      }
+      #temperature, #humidity {
+        width: 100%;
+        max-width: 400px;
+        aspect-ratio: 2;
+      }
+    </style>
+  </head>
+  <body>
+    <div id="container">
+      <h1>Microdot Weather Dashboard</h1>
+      <table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
+        <tr>
+          <td>
+            <canvas id="temperature" width="400" height="200"></canvas>
+          </td>
+          <td>
+            <canvas id="humidity" width="400" height="200"></canvas>
+          </td>
+        </tr>
+        <tr>
+          <td>
+            <p>Temperature</p>
+            <h1><span id="temperature-text">??</span>°C</h1>
+          </td>
+          <td>
+            <p>Humidity</p>
+            <h1><span id="humidity-text">??</span>%</h1>
+          </td>
+        </tr>
+        <tr>
+          <td colspan="2">
+            <p><i>Last updated: <span id="time-text">...</span></i></p>
+          </td>
+        </tr>
+      </table>
+    </div>
+    <script>
+      // create the temperature gauge
+      let temperatureGauge = new Gauge(document.getElementById('temperature')).setOptions({
+        angle: 0,
+        lineWidth: 0.3,
+        radiusScale: 1,
+        pointer: {
+          length: 0.6,
+          strokeWidth: 0.035,
+          color: '#000000',
+        },
+        limitMax: false,
+        limitMin: false,
+        highDpiSupport: true,
+        staticLabels: {
+          font: "14px sans-serif",
+          labels: [-30, -20, -10, 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50],
+          color: "#000000",
+          fractionDigits: 0,
+        },
+        staticZones: [
+          {strokeStyle: "#85a6e8", min: -30, max: 0},
+          {strokeStyle: "#a5dde8", min: 0, max: 10},
+          {strokeStyle: "#a5e8a6", min: 10, max: 20},
+          {strokeStyle: "#e8d8a5", min: 20, max: 30},
+          {strokeStyle: "#e8a8a5", min: 30, max: 50},
+        ],  
+        renderTicks: {
+          divisions: 8,
+          divWidth: 1.1,
+          divLength: 0.7,
+          divColor: '#333333',
+          subDivisions: 4,
+          subLength: 0.3,
+          subWidth: 0.6,
+          subColor: '#666666'
+        }
+      });
+      temperatureGauge.maxValue = 50;
+      temperatureGauge.setMinValue(-30);
+      temperatureGauge.animationSpeed = 36;
+      temperatureGauge.set(0);
+
+      let humidityGauge = new Gauge(document.getElementById('humidity')).setOptions({
+        angle: 0,
+        lineWidth: 0.3,
+        radiusScale: 1,
+        pointer: {
+          length: 0.6,
+          strokeWidth: 0.035,
+          color: '#000000',
+        },
+        limitMax: false,
+        limitMin: false,
+        highDpiSupport: true,
+        staticLabels: {
+          font: "14px sans-serif",
+          labels: [0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100],
+          color: "#000000",
+          fractionDigits: 0,
+        },
+        staticZones: [
+          {strokeStyle: "#85a6e8", min: 0, max: 40},
+          {strokeStyle: "#a5e8a6", min: 40, max: 70},
+          {strokeStyle: "#e8a8a5", min: 70, max: 100},
+        ],  
+        renderTicks: {
+          divisions: 10,
+          divWidth: 1.1,
+          divLength: 0.7,
+          divColor: '#333333',
+          subDivisions: 4,
+          subLength: 0.3,
+          subWidth: 0.6,
+          subColor: '#666666'
+        }
+      });
+      humidityGauge.maxValue = 100;
+      humidityGauge.setMinValue(0);
+      humidityGauge.animationSpeed = 36;
+      humidityGauge.set(0);
+
+      async function update() {
+        const response = await fetch('/api');
+        if (response.ok) {
+          const data = await response.json();
+          temperatureGauge.set(data.temperature);
+          humidityGauge.set(data.humidity);
+          document.getElementById('temperature-text').textContent = data.temperature;
+          document.getElementById('humidity-text').textContent = data.humidity;
+          document.getElementById('time-text').textContent = new Date(data.time * 1000).toLocaleString();
+        }
+        setTimeout(update, 60000); // refresh every minute
+      }
+      update();
+    </script>
+
+  </body>
+</html>

examples/gpio/weather/machine.py

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+"""
+DO NOT UPLOAD THIS FILE TO YOUR MICROPYTHON DEVICE
+
+This module emulates parts of MicroPython's `machine` module, to enable to run
+MicroPython applications on UNIX, Mac or Windows systems without dedicated
+hardware.
+"""
+
+
+class Pin:
+    def __init__(self, pin):
+        self.pin = pin

examples/gpio/weather/main.py

@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+import asyncio
+import dht
+import gc
+import machine
+import network
+import socket
+import time
+
+import config
+from microdot import Microdot, send_file
+
+app = Microdot()
+current_temperature = None
+current_humidity = None
+current_time = None
+
+
+def wifi_connect():
+    """Connect to the configured Wi-Fi network.
+    Returns the IP address of the connected interface.
+    """
+    ap_if = network.WLAN(network.AP_IF)
+    ap_if.active(False)
+
+    sta_if = network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
+    if not sta_if.isconnected():
+        print('connecting to network...')
+        sta_if.active(True)
+        sta_if.connect(config.WIFI_ESSID, config.WIFI_PASSWORD)
+        for i in range(20):
+            if sta_if.isconnected():
+                break
+            time.sleep(1)
+        if not sta_if.isconnected():
+            raise RuntimeError('Could not connect to network')
+    return sta_if.ifconfig()[0]
+
+
+def get_current_time():
+    """Return the current Unix time.
+    Note that because many microcontrollers do not have a clock, this function
+    makes a call to an NTP server to obtain the current time. A Wi-Fi
+    connection needs to be in place before calling this function.
+    """
+    s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
+    s.settimeout(5)
+    s.sendto(b'\x1b' + 47 * b'\0',
+             socket.getaddrinfo('pool.ntp.org', 123)[0][4])
+    msg, _ = s.recvfrom(1024)
+    return ((msg[40] << 24) | (msg[41] << 16) | (msg[42] << 8) | msg[43]) - \
+        2208988800
+
+
+def get_current_weather():
+    """Read the temperature and humidity from the DHT22 sensor.
+    Returns them as a tuple. The returned temperature is in degrees Celcius.
+    The humidity is a 0-100 percentage.
+    """
+    d = dht.DHT22(machine.Pin(config.DHT22_PIN))
+    d.measure()
+    return d.temperature(), d.humidity()
+
+
+async def refresh_weather():
+    """Background task that updates the temperature and humidity.
+    This task is designed to run in the background. It connects to the DHT22
+    temperature and humidity sensor once per minute and stores the updated
+    readings in global variables.
+    """
+    global current_temperature
+    global current_humidity
+    global current_time
+
+    while True:
+        try:
+            t = get_current_time()
+            temp, hum = get_current_weather()
+        except asyncio.CancelledError:
+            raise
+        except Exception as error:
+            print(f'Could not obtain weather, error: {error}')
+        else:
+            current_time = t
+            current_temperature = int(temp * 10) / 10
+            current_humidity = int(hum * 10) / 10
+        gc.collect()
+        await asyncio.sleep(60)
+
+
+@app.route('/')
+async def index(request):
+    return send_file('index.html')
+
+
+@app.route('/api')
+async def api(request):
+    return {
+        'temperature': current_temperature,
+        'humidity': current_humidity,
+        'time': current_time,
+    }
+
+
+async def start():
+    ip = wifi_connect()
+    print(f'Starting server at http://{ip}:8000...')
+    bgtask = asyncio.create_task(refresh_weather())
+    server = asyncio.create_task(app.start_server(port=8000))
+    await asyncio.gather(server, bgtask)
+
+
+asyncio.run(start())

examples/gpio/weather/network.py

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+"""
+DO NOT UPLOAD THIS FILE TO YOUR MICROPYTHON DEVICE
+
+This module emulates parts of MicroPython's `network` module, in particular
+those related to establishing a Wi-Fi connection. This enables to run
+MicroPython applications on UNIX, Mac or Windows systems without dedicated
+hardware.
+
+Note that no connections are attempted. The assumption is that the system is
+already connected. The "127.0.0.1" address is always returned.
+"""
+
+AP_IF = 1
+STA_IF = 2
+
+
+class WLAN:
+    def __init__(self, network):
+        self.network = network
+
+    def isconnected(self):
+        return True
+
+    def ifconfig(self):
+        return ('127.0.0.1', 'n/a', 'n/a', 'n/a')
+
+    def connect(self):
+        pass
+
+    def active(self, active=None):
+        pass

pyproject.toml

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 [project]
 name = "microdot"
-version = "2.3.3"
+version = "2.4.0"
 authors = [
     { name = "Miguel Grinberg", email = "miguel.grinberg@gmail.com" },
 ]

src/microdot/__init__.py

@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
 from microdot.microdot import Microdot, Request, Response, abort, redirect, \
     send_file, URLPattern, AsyncBytesIO, iscoroutine  # noqa: F401
+
+__version__ = '2.4.0'

src/microdot/asgi.py

@@ -127,19 +127,19 @@ class Microdot(BaseMicrodot):
         monitor_task = asyncio.ensure_future(cancel_monitor())
 
         body_iter = res.body_iter().__aiter__()
-        res_body = b''
         try:
-            res_body = await body_iter.__anext__()
             while not cancelled:  # pragma: no branch
-                next_body = await body_iter.__anext__()
+                res_body = await body_iter.__anext__()
+                if isinstance(res_body, str):
+                    res_body = res_body.encode()
                 await send({'type': 'http.response.body',
                             'body': res_body,
                             'more_body': True})
-                res_body = next_body
         except StopAsyncIteration:
-            await send({'type': 'http.response.body',
-                        'body': res_body,
-                        'more_body': False})
+            pass
+        await send({'type': 'http.response.body',
+                    'body': b'',
+                    'more_body': False})
         if hasattr(body_iter, 'aclose'):  # pragma: no branch
             await body_iter.aclose()
         cancelled = True

src/microdot/cors.py

@@ -104,7 +104,8 @@ class CORS:
 
     def after_request(self, request, response):
         saved_vary = response.headers.get('Vary')
-        response.headers.update(self.get_cors_headers(request))
+        if request:  # pragma: no branch
+            response.headers.update(self.get_cors_headers(request))
         if saved_vary and saved_vary != response.headers.get('Vary'):
             response.headers['Vary'] = (
                 saved_vary + ', ' + response.headers['Vary'])

src/microdot/microdot.py

@@ -366,8 +366,8 @@ class Request:
             self.content_type = self.headers['Content-Type']
         if 'Cookie' in self.headers:
             for cookie in self.headers['Cookie'].split(';'):
-                name, value = cookie.strip().split('=', 1)
-                self.cookies[name] = value
+                c = cookie.strip().split('=', 1)
+                self.cookies[c[0]] = c[1] if len(c) > 1 else ''
 
         self._body = body
         self.body_used = False
@@ -632,9 +632,13 @@ class Response:
         """Delete a cookie.
 
         :param cookie: The cookie's name.
-        :param kwargs: Any cookie opens and flags supported by
-                       ``set_cookie()`` except ``expires`` and ``max_age``.
+        :param kwargs: Any cookie options and flags supported by
+                       :meth:`set_cookie() <microdot.Response.set_cookie>`.
+                       Values given for ``expires`` and ``max_age`` are
+                       ignored.
         """
+        kwargs.pop('expires', None)
+        kwargs.pop('max_age', None)
         self.set_cookie(cookie, '', expires='Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:01 GMT',
                         max_age=0, **kwargs)
 
@@ -944,7 +948,6 @@ class Microdot:
         self.after_request_handlers = []
         self.after_error_request_handlers = []
         self.error_handlers = {}
-        self.shutdown_requested = False
         self.options_handler = self.default_options_handler
         self.debug = False
         self.server = None
@@ -1368,6 +1371,11 @@ class Microdot:
         try:
             req = await Request.create(self, reader, writer,
                                        writer.get_extra_info('peername'))
+        except OSError as exc:  # pragma: no cover
+            if exc.errno in MUTED_SOCKET_ERRORS:
+                pass
+            else:
+                raise
         except Exception as exc:  # pragma: no cover
             print_exception(exc)
 

src/microdot/multipart.py

@@ -31,7 +31,10 @@ class FormDataIter:
     the next iteration, as the internal stream stored in ``FileUpload``
     instances is invalidated at the end of the iteration.
     """
-    #: The size of the buffer used to read chunks of the request body.
+    #: The size of the buffer used to read chunks of the request body. This
+    #: size must be large enough to hold at least one complete header or
+    #: boundary line, so it is not recommended to lower it, but it can be made
+    #: higher to improve performance at the expense of RAM.
     buffer_size = 256
 
     def __init__(self, request):
@@ -59,6 +62,7 @@ class FormDataIter:
             pass
 
         # make sure we are at a boundary
+        await self._fill_buffer()
         s = self.buffer.split(self.boundary, 1)
         if len(s) != 2 or s[0] != b'':
             abort(400)  # pragma: no cover
@@ -111,6 +115,9 @@ class FormDataIter:
         return name, FileUpload(filename, content_type, self._read_buffer)
 
     async def _fill_buffer(self):
+        if self.buffer[-len(self.boundary) - 4:] == self.boundary + b'--\r\n':
+            # we have reached the end of the body
+            return
         self.buffer += await self.request.stream.read(
             self.buffer_size + self.extra_size - len(self.buffer))
 

src/microdot/session.py

@@ -25,7 +25,10 @@ class SessionDict(dict):
 class Session:
     """
     :param app: The application instance.
-    :param key: The secret key, as a string or bytes object.
+    :param secret_key: The secret key, as a string or bytes object.
+    :param cookie_options: A dictionary with cookie options to pass as
+                           arguments to :meth:`Response.set_cookie()
+                           <microdot.Response.set_cookie>`.
     """
     secret_key = None
 

src/microdot/sse.py

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ class SSE:
         self.event = asyncio.Event()
         self.queue = []
 
-    async def send(self, data, event=None, event_id=None):
+    async def send(self, data, event=None, event_id=None, retry=None,
+                   comment=False):
         """Send an event to the client.
 
         :param data: the data to send. It can be given as a string, bytes, dict
@@ -27,6 +28,12 @@ class SSE:
                       given, it must be a string.
         :param event_id: an optional event id, to send along with the data. If
                       given, it must be a string.
+        :param retry: an optional reconnection time (in seconds) that the
+                      client should use when the connection is lost.
+        :param comment: when set to ``True``, the data is sent as a comment
+                        line, and all other parameters are ignored. This is
+                        useful as a heartbeat mechanism that keeps the
+                        connection alive.
         """
         if isinstance(data, (dict, list)):
             data = json.dumps(data)
@@ -34,11 +41,17 @@ class SSE:
             data = data.encode()
         elif not isinstance(data, bytes):
             data = str(data).encode()
-        data = b'data: ' + data + b'\n\n'
-        if event_id:
-            data = b'id: ' + event_id.encode() + b'\n' + data
-        if event:
-            data = b'event: ' + event.encode() + b'\n' + data
+        if comment:
+            data = b': ' + data + b'\n\n'
+        else:
+            data = b'data: ' + data + b'\n\n'
+            if event_id:
+                data = b'id: ' + event_id.encode() + b'\n' + data
+            if event:
+                data = b'event: ' + event.encode() + b'\n' + data
+            if retry:
+                data = b'retry: ' + str(int(retry * 1000)).encode() + b'\n' + \
+                    data
         self.queue.append(data)
         self.event.set()
 

src/microdot/test_client.py

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ class TestResponse:
                     data = None
                     event = None
                     event_id = None
+                    retry = None
                     for line in sse_event.split(b'\n'):
                         if line.startswith(b'data:'):
                             data = line[5:].strip()
@@ -85,6 +86,8 @@ class TestResponse:
                             event = line[6:].strip().decode()
                         elif line.startswith(b'id:'):
                             event_id = line[3:].strip().decode()
+                        elif line.startswith(b'retry:'):
+                            retry = int(line[7:].strip()) / 1000
                     if data:
                         data_json = None
                         try:
@@ -92,8 +95,9 @@ class TestResponse:
                         except ValueError:
                             pass
                         self.events.append({
-                            "data": data, "data_json": data_json,
-                            "event": event, "event_id": event_id})
+                            'data': data, 'data_json': data_json,
+                            'event': event, 'event_id': event_id,
+                            'retry': retry})
 
     @classmethod
     async def create(cls, res):

tests/test_asgi.py

@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ class TestASGI(unittest.TestCase):
             class R:
                 def __init__(self):
                     self.i = 0
-                    self.body = [b're', b'sp', b'on', b'se', b'']
+                    self.body = [b're', b'sp', b'on', 'se', b'']
 
                 async def read(self, n):
                     data = self.body[self.i]

tests/test_microdot.py

@@ -204,9 +204,10 @@ class TestMicrodot(unittest.TestCase):
             res.set_cookie('four', '4')
             res.delete_cookie('two', path='/')
             res.delete_cookie('one', path='/bad')
+            res.delete_cookie('five', max_age=123, expires='foo')
             return res
 
-        client = TestClient(app, cookies={'one': '1', 'two': '2'})
+        client = TestClient(app, cookies={'one': '1', 'two': '2', 'five': '5'})
         res = self._run(client.get('/', headers={'Cookie': 'three=3'}))
         self.assertEqual(res.status_code, 200)
         self.assertEqual(res.headers['Content-Type'],

tests/test_multipart.py

@@ -99,6 +99,37 @@ class TestMultipart(unittest.TestCase):
                                     'g': 'g|text/html|<p>hello</p>'})
         FileUpload.max_memory_size = saved_max_memory_size
 
+    def test_large_file_upload(self):
+        saved_buffer_size = FormDataIter.buffer_size
+        FormDataIter.buffer_size = 100
+        saved_max_memory_size = FileUpload.max_memory_size
+        FileUpload.max_memory_size = 200
+
+        app = Microdot()
+
+        @app.post('/')
+        @with_form_data
+        async def index(req):
+            return {"len": len(await req.files['f'].read())}
+
+        client = TestClient(app)
+
+        res = self._run(client.post(
+            '/', headers={
+                'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data; boundary=boundary',
+            },
+            body=(
+                b'--boundary\r\n'
+                b'Content-Disposition: form-data; name="f"; filename="f"\r\n'
+                b'Content-Type: text/plain\r\n\r\n' + b'*' * 398 + b'\r\n'
+                b'--boundary--\r\n')
+        ))
+        self.assertEqual(res.status_code, 200)
+        self.assertEqual(res.json, {'len': 398})
+
+        FormDataIter.buffer_size = saved_buffer_size
+        FileUpload.max_memory_size = saved_max_memory_size
+
     def test_file_save(self):
         app = Microdot()
 

tests/test_request.py

@@ -35,16 +35,17 @@ class TestRequest(unittest.TestCase):
     def test_headers(self):
         fd = get_async_request_fd('GET', '/foo', headers={
             'Content-Type': 'application/json',
-            'Cookie': 'foo=bar;abc=def',
+            'Cookie': 'foo=bar;nothing;abc=def;',
             'Content-Length': '3'}, body='aaa')
         req = self._run(Request.create('app', fd, 'writer', 'addr'))
         self.assertEqual(req.headers, {
             'Host': 'example.com:1234',
             'Content-Type': 'application/json',
-            'Cookie': 'foo=bar;abc=def',
+            'Cookie': 'foo=bar;nothing;abc=def;',
             'Content-Length': '3'})
         self.assertEqual(req.content_type, 'application/json')
-        self.assertEqual(req.cookies, {'foo': 'bar', 'abc': 'def'})
+        self.assertEqual(req.cookies, {'foo': 'bar', 'nothing': '',
+                                       'abc': 'def', '': ''})
         self.assertEqual(req.content_length, 3)
         self.assertEqual(req.body, b'aaa')
 

tests/test_sse.py

@@ -25,7 +25,9 @@ class TestWebSocket(unittest.TestCase):
             await sse.send('bar', event='test')
             await sse.send('bar', event='test', event_id='id42')
             await sse.send('bar', event_id='id42')
+            await sse.send('bar', retry=2.5)
             await sse.send({'foo': 'bar'})
+            await sse.send('ping', comment=True)
             await sse.send([42, 'foo', 'bar'])
             await sse.send(ValueError('foo'))
             await sse.send(b'foo')
@@ -38,35 +40,40 @@ class TestWebSocket(unittest.TestCase):
                                          'event: test\ndata: bar\n\n'
                                          'event: test\nid: id42\ndata: bar\n\n'
                                          'id: id42\ndata: bar\n\n'
+                                         'retry: 2500\ndata: bar\n\n'
                                          'data: {"foo": "bar"}\n\n'
+                                         ': ping\n\n'
                                          'data: [42, "foo", "bar"]\n\n'
                                          'data: foo\n\n'
                                          'data: foo\n\n'))
-        self.assertEqual(len(response.events), 8)
+        self.assertEqual(len(response.events), 9)
         self.assertEqual(response.events[0], {
             'data': b'foo', 'data_json': None, 'event': None,
-            'event_id': None})
+            'event_id': None, "retry": None})
         self.assertEqual(response.events[1], {
             'data': b'bar', 'data_json': None, 'event': 'test',
-            'event_id': None})
+            'event_id': None, "retry": None})
         self.assertEqual(response.events[2], {
             'data': b'bar', 'data_json': None, 'event': 'test',
-            'event_id': 'id42'})
+            'event_id': 'id42', "retry": None})
         self.assertEqual(response.events[3], {
             'data': b'bar', 'data_json': None, 'event': None,
-            'event_id': 'id42'})
+            'event_id': 'id42', "retry": None})
         self.assertEqual(response.events[4], {
-            'data': b'{"foo": "bar"}', 'data_json': {'foo': 'bar'},
-            'event': None, 'event_id': None})
+            'data': b'bar', 'data_json': None, 'event': None, 'event_id': None,
+            'retry': 2.5})
         self.assertEqual(response.events[5], {
-            'data': b'[42, "foo", "bar"]', 'data_json': [42, 'foo', 'bar'],
-            'event': None, 'event_id': None})
+            'data': b'{"foo": "bar"}', 'data_json': {'foo': 'bar'},
+            'event': None, 'event_id': None, "retry": None})
         self.assertEqual(response.events[6], {
-            'data': b'foo', 'data_json': None, 'event': None,
-            'event_id': None})
+            'data': b'[42, "foo", "bar"]', 'data_json': [42, 'foo', 'bar'],
+            'event': None, 'event_id': None, "retry": None})
         self.assertEqual(response.events[7], {
             'data': b'foo', 'data_json': None, 'event': None,
-            'event_id': None})
+            'event_id': None, "retry": None})
+        self.assertEqual(response.events[8], {
+            'data': b'foo', 'data_json': None, 'event': None,
+            'event_id': None, "retry": None})
 
     def test_sse_exception(self):
         app = Microdot()

tox.ini

@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
 [tox]
-envlist=flake8,py38,py39,py310,py311,py312,upy,cpy,benchmark,docs
+envlist=flake8,py38,py39,py310,py311,py312,py313,py314upy,cpy,benchmark,docs
 skipsdist=True
 skip_missing_interpreters=True
 
 [gh-actions]
 python =
-    3.7: py37
     3.8: py38
     3.9: py39
     3.10: py310
     3.11: py311
     3.12: py312
+    3.13: py313
+    3.14: py314
     pypy3: pypy3
 
 [testenv]